This group of caudiciforms (succulents with a swollen base) is native to Southern and Eastern Africa, Tanzania, Madagascar, and Somalia. Many varieties form a large trunk covered in vining branches. The inconspicuous flowers of these plants are unisexual and borne on separate plants. Some species are equipped with thorns, while most are filled with poisonous sap; therefore, care should be taken when pruning. The varieties that produce leaves are deciduous. Adenia spinosa forms a round, caudex (swollen base) up to 41/2 feet wide and 16 inches high. The base is topped with wiry, spiny branches covered with slightly lobed leaves. This variety can be grown in hot, direct light. Adenia globosa is an interesting variety that forms a round, bumpy caudex, up to 3 feet high and wide, topped with thick, spiny, leafless branches over 3 feet long. Adenia venenata develops a green or purplish caudex up to 41/2 feet high and 6 inches thick. The branches of this variety are viny, covered with lobed leaves that secrete a sweet nectar attractive to ants. The quick-growing vines can grow quite long in a season, clinging with its numerous tendrils.

These plants can be grown outdoors in frost-free climates where the temperature remains above 45º F. Most of these plants are quick-growing when provided with adequate amount of water, warmth, and fertilizer.

All the varieties may be increased by cuttings, though they tend not to form the customary caudex. However, cuttings taken from mature plants seem to flower more and therefore provide more seed.

Adenia spinosa;

Adenia aculeata;

Adenia globosa;

Adenia glauca;

Adenia venenata.